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 CINEMA :Les blessures narcissiques d'une vie par procuration
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CINEMA :Les blessures narcissiques d'une vie par procuration

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  • Créé le : 10/09/2011 19:04
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    ©-DR- ORPHEE de Jean Cocteau (1950) p38

    26/12/2014 17:24

    ©-DR- ORPHEE de Jean Cocteau (1950)  p38


     

    Analyse d'ARTIFICE
    http://www.webbynerd.com/artifice/dossierarchives/128.htm
    Anne-Michèle Fortin
     
    2002 - Montréal

     

     

    Orphée, le poète, la Mort, le miroir

    Ce n’est pas seulement parce qu’ils ont la poésie pour sujet que Le Sang d’un poète(1930)Orphée (1950) et Le Testament d’Orphée(1959) forment un triptyque. Des liens plus serrés les unissent. Ces trois films sont les épisodes d’un même cycle centré sur les métaphores de regard. Orphée marque le second temps du cycle après le regard volé, voici le regard interdit. Ce n’est plus en fraude qu’Orphée passe de l’autre côté du miroir, mais muni cette fois d’un sauf-conduit et guidé par un intercesseur autorisé. Mais ce passe-droit exorbitant se paie d’une condition monstrueuse : Orphée qui a vu les enfers ne pourra plus regarder Eurydice sous peine de mort… pour elle.

    Le deuxième film de la trilogie orphique viendra près de vingt ans après la réalisation du premier. "Le sujet des deux films est le même: le poète doit mourir et renaître à plusieurs reprises, qui sont autant d'épreuves initiatiques. » Dans Orphée, Cocteau transpose le Saint-Germain-des-Prés du début du siècle dans le contexte irréel du mythe d'Orphée, instiguant un climat de réalisme irréel, délire lyrique empreint de surréalisme, à cheval entre la réalité et le rêve. Orphée (Jean Marais) incarne un poète « dont la célébrité agace l'avant-garde» . L'avant-garde, incarnée par les Bacchantes du mythe d'Orphée, s'est plutôt engouée de Cégeste (Édouard Dermit), un poète de dix-huit ans dont l'insolence et l'audace séduisent dès son arrivée dans le «monde».

    Dès lors, la princesse (Maria Casarès), qui, paradoxalement, incarne la Mort d'Orphée et en est amoureuse tout à la fois, le prend sous sa protection. Elle enlève Cégeste et lui ordonne de dicter ses textes à Orphée par l'intermédiaire de la radio dans sa voiture. Dès lors,Orphée, suspendu aux lèvres de Cégeste, est asservi à la Mort par la poésie. La princesse tue ensuite Eurydice (Marie Déa), la femme d'Orphée. Lorsqu'elle est jugée coupable par le Tribunal, elle entreprend de ramener la situation à ce qu'elle était avant qu'elle ne fasse irruption dans la vie d'Orphée, à la fois au détriment de son amour pour Orphée et à cause de celui-ci.

    Dans Orphée, la création devient un paradoxe à travers l'antithèse vie-mort. En créant, le poète extirpe une partie de soi qui constitue son oeuvre. Lorsque celle-ci est complétée, en même temps qu'il se sépare de celle-ci, il expérimente la mort. Cocteau exprime l'extrémisme qui habite l'artiste, «cette profonde attraction du poète pour tout ce qui dépasse le monde.» [14] Cette attraction se confirme dans la fascination d'Orphée pour le personnage de la princesse, sa propre Mort. La longue scène où Orphée poursuit la princesse dans le village déserté illustre la quête utopique du poète. L'objet qu'il poursuit se situe au-delà de sa portée, comme la princesse qui apparaît et disparaît, fuyante, inatteignable.

    La vacuité des lieux souligne la solitude de la démarche créatrice de même que la dimension fantasmatique où elle prend racine. Orphée, pour finalement atteindre la mort, ira dans la zone, de l'autre côté du miroir. Cocteau définit le concept de la «zone» comme suit: « (Elle) n'a rien à voir avec aucun dogme.C'est une frange de la vie. Un no man's land entre la vie et la mort. On n'y est ni tout à fait mort, ni tout à fait vivant. »  La zone représente aussi le moi dissimulé et inaccessible dans la réalité. Si chaque poète a sa propre Mort, il a également sa propre zone, tumulte intérieur qu'il doit traverser pour accéder à une nouvelle existence

     Cocteau refuse en fait d'attribuer une seule nature aux éléments qu'il met en scène. C'est ainsi que le paradoxe transcende le contenu du film dans tout son ensemble. Pour répondre à cette notion de paradoxe, Cocteau dépeint en effet un monde où rien n'est ni noir ni blanc et où les personnages n'incarnent ni le bien ni le mal. Ainsi, les personnages de la Princesse et de Heurtebise (François Périer) sont tous deux des personnages contradictoires et insaisissables. Heurtebise est un «jeune homme au service de l'un des innombrables satellites de la mort (la princesse). Il est encore très peu mort. » [16] Aussi physiquement présent que la princesse, il est cependant plus transparent et plus humain qu'elle.

    Alors que la mort ne se dévoile aux vivants que pour s'emparer d'eux (Orphée et Cégeste), Heurtebise incarne le lien entre la vie et la mort comme une espèce de figure angélique. Ceci s'exprime lors de la scène où il réconforte Euridyce devant l'attitude inhabituelle d'Orphée. Cependant, il est tout de même le «servant de la mort », dont il représente par conséquent les intérêts, et, bien qu'il soit mort - s'étant « suicidé au gaz », comme il le confie à Eurydice -, il demeure confiné à la zone, prisonnier d'un état intermédiaire entre la vie et la mort. Sans doute la Princesse incarne-t-elle avec conviction la douleur d'un tel état que l'on pourrait comparer au Néant.

    D'abord, elle suscite l'antipathie du spectateur de par sa froideur et son autorité excessive, mais, au fil de l'histoire, le bien de ses intentions est peu à peu mis à nu. L'un des plans les plus saisissant du film est celui où elle apparaît le visage maquillé de blanc et enveloppée dans un voile alors que la voix du narrateur (toujours Cocteau) dit: «Chaque nuit, la mort d'Orphée revenait dans la chambre. » Bien qu'elle semble figée, elle glisse tranquillement, comme en suspens, vers la gauche du cadre. Les jeux d'ombre et de lumière créent un effet de clair-obscur et son visage blanc ressemble aux masques des tragédies grecques, trahissant le sort terrible auquel elle est vouée. La conversation qu'elle a plus tard avec Heurtebise confirme la cruauté de l'existence qui leur est réservée: ils sont condamnés à nier les émotions qui les animent et à vivre l'amour comme un interdit.

    LA PRINCESSE . - Vous n'êtes pas libre d'aimer, ni dans un monde, ni dans l'autre.

    HEURTEBISE . - Vous non plus. - La princesse, en colère, s'avance vers Heurtebise.

    LA PRINCESSE . - Quoi?

    HEURTEBISE . - On n'échappe pas à la règle. - Les deux personnages (profil à profil) s'affrontent.

    LA PRINCESSE . - Je vous ordonne de vous taire!

    HEURTEBISE . -Vous êtes amoureuse d'Orphée et vous ne savez pas comment vous y prendre…

    LA PRINCESSE . - Taisez-vous! (Sa robe devient blanche.) - Elle sort du champ.

    HEURTEBISE . - Je... (geste de colère). - Il disparaît sur place. La princesse se rue vers la table de Cégeste. Sa robe redevient noire. [17]

    Jusqu'alors toujours vêtue de noir, symbole de la Mort, du deuil, mais également d'autorité, de sévérité et d'intransigeance, la Princesse apparaît, dans un éclair fugace, vêtue de blanc. Le contrôle qu'exerce la Princesse n'est pas un absolu, et cette scène, en révélant la dualité des sentiments qui la déchirent, trahit également l'autre visage de la Mort, la Mort vêtue de blanc, la Mort créatrice qui ramène le poète à la vie.Bien que le symbole du miroir soit présent dans tous les films de Cocteau, c'est dans Orphée qu'il devient moteur du récit et qu'il exprime sa pleine valeur métaphorique. Le miroir permet d'y franchir l'infranchissable, il mène à la fois à la Mort et à l'inspiration poétique, comme il s'ouvre sur le Néant, sur la zone.

    Le miroir symbolise donc le passage d'un état à l'autre, ce qui s'applique particulièrement au poète, qui vit écartelé entre le monde réel et son univers lyrique. La fascination originelle pour le miroir n'est pas sans lien avec le cinéma et les pouvoirs qu'exerce l'image sur l'homme. La symbolique du miroir dans les mythes antiques, notamment celui de Narcisse, illustre cet envoûtement initial pour le miroir, reflet de l'homme, qui rappelle celui des spectateur lors de la projection des Vues des frères Lumière. La fascination est alors pour l'image et non pour la réalité dont elle est l'objet, comme l'explique Youssef Ishagpour dans Le cinéma.

    Pour Cocteau, le film lui-même est un miroir, il a les mêmes qualités réflexives que le miroir. En réalisant Orphée, Cocteau, alors âgé de soixante ans, pose un regard sur sa propre carrière. Claude-Jean Philippe souligne le parallèle entre Orphée, « attablé seul au Café des Poètes(...), un peu trop célèbre, un peu trop aimé du public pour ne pas susciter de jalousies féroce » et Jean Cocteau, fréquentant le célèbre Café de Flore à Paris et se faisant huer par les surréalistes. Bien que Cocteau n'ait joué son propre rôle que dans Le testament d'Orphée, ses trois films orphiques sont très autobiographiques.

    Selon Arthur B.Evans, c'est en se projetant à l'intérieur de la situation mythique d'Orphée que Jean Cocteau se définit lui-même en tant qu'artiste. [18] En outre, le mythe d'Orphée est pour Cocteau l'incarnation d'une vision artistique difficile à représenter autrement. Les morts et les réincarnations multiples d'Orphée - science que Cocteau appelle la phoenixologie dans Le testament d'Orphée - expriment l'existence précaire des poètes, condamnés ou non par la critique, qui renaissent de leurs cendres à chaque nouvelle création et deviennent ultimement (n'est pas dans le dictio) immortels en laissant derrière eux une oeuvre qui leur survit.

     La poésie pure et éclatante d'Orphée parvient à ouvrir l'âme des hommes à la Beauté, ce à quoi Cocteau, animé d'une vision utopique de l'art poétique, aspire lui-même à atteindre. La lyre d'Orphée, qui ensorcelle par son chant merveilleux, devient le cinématographe où Cocteau exploite la qualité poétique de l'image de l'irréel pour envoûter le spectateur.Nombre de citations à propos du miroir peuplent les films de Cocteau. L'une d'elles, qui revient dans Le sang d'un poète et dans Orphée, « les miroirs feraient bien de penser avant de réfléchir », trahit le caractère à la fois réflexif et ludique des films de Cocteau. Dans Le sang d'un poète, la statue, pour punir le poète de l'avoir réveillée, le met au défi de traverser le miroir. Elle lui dit : « tu as écrit qu'on entrait dans les glaces et tu n'y croyais pas! ».

    Le poète qui plonge dans le miroir, devenu substance aqueuse, atterrit dans les ténèbres d'un « no man's land », puis arrive à l'hôtel des Folies-Dramatiques. Le miroir est alors la matrice du récit, comme il l'est dans Orphée. Il est lui-même le premier élément perturbateur qui provoque la chute du poète. En plongeant dans le miroir, le poète pénètre en lui-même. Le parcours qui s'ensuit reproduit le cheminement initiatique du poète, une sorte de délire interne qui symbolise la création, intemporelle et éternelle, mais également souffrante.

    Au début du film Le testament d'Orphée, le poète est prisonnier de cette zone intemporelle depuis déjà quelques siècles et il arrive finalement à en sortir, à son grand soulagement, grâce à l'invention du professeur, un petit revolver dont les balles vous rendent à nouveau mortel. Cocteau associe l'acte de création poétique à la mort. Selon lui, le poète doit mourir pour créer, d'où, sans aucun doute, la citation sur laquelle se termine Le sang d'un poète : « Ennui mortel de l'immortalité. »

     






    ©-DR- ORPHEE de Jean Cocteau (1950) p39

    27/12/2014 04:49

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    ©-DR- ORPHEE de Jean Cocteau (1950) p40

    27/12/2014 04:56

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    Autour du film

    Le tournage s'est déroulé du 12 septembre au 16 novembre 1949 à Saint-Cyr-l'École, dans la vallée de Chevreuse, et à Paris, notamment Place des Vosges lorsque Orphée cherche à rattraper la princesse qui apparaît et disparaît entre les arcades.

    À noter, les apparitions des réalisateurs Jean-Pierre Melville en directeur de l'hôtel et Jean-Pierre Mocky en acolyte, assis à côté du chef de bande debout à la terrasse du bar.

    Jean Cocteau s'est livré dix ans plus tard à une nouvelle interprétation du mythe, dans le film le Testament d'Orphée,(1960) où il ajoute des considérations sur l'interférence des médias et du monde de l'art.

    Trivia

    Showing all 10 items
    The opening credits were drawn by Jean Cocteau himself.
    *
    Orphee's obsession with deciphering hidden messages contained in random radio noise is a direct nod to the coded messages that the BBC concealed in their wartime transmissions for the French Resistance.
     
    For the scene in which Orphee passes his hand through a glass pane, Cocteau used a vat of mercury to create the effect.
    *
    The part of Orphee was played by Cocteau's former lover Jean Marais, while the part of Cegeste was played by his then current lover, Edouard Dermithe.
    *
    The opening scenes set in the Cafe des Poetes were originally set to be filmed with regular extras. However, Cocteau found them to be too self-conscious and artificial so they were all dismissed. Instead, real bohemians from Paris' real café culture were drafted in. These proved to be so natural and relaxed with the café setting, they actually stayed on for two extra days after filming had finished, just hanging out in the cafés that the film crew had been using.
    *
    Both Marlene Dietrich and Greta Garbo were approached about playing the mysterious Princess. Both declined.
    *
    Cocteau was 60 years old when filming commenced.
    *
    During the making of this film, Cocteau was granted the Legion d'Honneur, one of France's highest citizen honors.
     
    *
    Jean-Pierre Aumont and Gerard Philippe were considered for the part of Orphee.
     
    *
    Most of the underworld scenes were shot in the blitzed ruins of the St. Cyr military academy.





    ©-DR- ORPHEE de Jean Cocteau (1950) p41

    27/12/2014 05:00

    ©-DR- ORPHEE de Jean Cocteau (1950)  p41


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    ©-DR- ORPHEE de Jean Cocteau (1950) p42

    27/12/2014 05:06

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    Index 45 reviews in total 

    One of the truly great masterpieces of cinema

    10/10
    Author: Dave G from Sheffield, England
    25 January 2000

    If ever a film could me called `magical', `hypnotic' and `compelling', then surely that film is ORPHEUS; magical because it is such an incredible feat of the imagination; hypnotic because it is a relentless assault upon all the senses, the intellect and the emotions, and compelling because it is a profound attempt to at least illustrate, (it is not so arrogant as to presume to solve!), the mystery of life, our awareness of death and human consciousness endlessly seeking some sort of certainty to comfort ourselves with.

    Layered with various ambiguous possibilities, and full of symbols which will resonate in a variety of ways according to each individual viewer, each viewing of the film draws you deeper into its mystery again and again, and each time teaches you more and more. Perhaps it could only have been made when it was, (in the aftermath of WW2), and where it was, (in a country that had decided to do a deal with Death and then lived to regret it). Perhaps because Jean Cocteau was so talented in so many fields, people seldom seem to note what an utterly brilliant film director he was, and his work in this respect with ORPHEUS, stands comparison with anybody's.

    The film is also so complete, and unravels so perfectly and in such a masterly way; not one superfluous scene; superb acting all round, atmospheric photography, and a superbly utilised and sublime score by Georges Auric.I simply cannot imagine a film like this being made now,(perhaps LAST YEAR AT MARIENBAD was the last gasp of this type of didactic artistic consciousness), and this depresses me greatly, because it shows that `progress' is not an automatic, upwardly rising arc, but a curve that can go backwards as well as forwards. Anyone who has even the slightest affection for cinema should watch this film, and marvel, surrender, and learn from it. Without doubt in my book, one of the ten greatest movies ever made. So much so that I almost feel privileged to have been born into the time frame that could access it.

    One Way to Celebrate a Lay-Off!!!
    Author: Alice Copeland Brown (alicecbrown@yahoo.com) from Boston
    20 March 2001
    There's nothing better than a dark involved movie about death to bring you out of your blues. Having been laid off today from a high-tech, high-paying job, I find that this is a far better escape from my blues than getting skunk-drunk. Now I'll be able to afford the time to see such movies...this was at the Brattle Theater, an arts movie house in Cambridge that regularly shows movies written when brains were necessary to write a script that would be made into a movie. Of course, I saw it way back when but the mark of a good movie is that you see a different movie every time you see it, because YOU change and your interpretation therefore changes. The surreal scenes in the Underground evoke many other images, and, because of their wierdness, cannot be forgotten. It raises questions about the 'finality' of death, and the relative unimportance of so much in life (including jobs/employment). The love of the two protagonists for one another is especially intriguing, since Cocteau at first gives you the impression that Orpheus is a narcissistic writer only in love with himself.
    *
    The fierce command for Orpheus NOT to look at Eurydice reminds you of Lot's wife, as she turned into the pillar of salt. Of course, I still wonder why that part was in here maybe just to make us wonder about disobedience.The mob throwing rocks at the house was indicative of mob mentality everywhere and anytime.The motorcyclists, angels of death, remind you of "The Wild One" as they perform their ghastly tasks in the small French town. As the other dead people make their sacrifices for one another, with no mention of religion, you almost have a re-awakened faith in the power of love. Which is what religion is all about anyhow,-- not in the ghost stories we are told to help make the fear of death/nothingness more pallatable.Cocteau was a genius, and his movies are unique. Invest in them while you can, and re-visit them from time to time when you need a reminder of how precious love and life are.


    Surreal and Poetic

    Author: RobertF87 from Scotland
    20 September 2004

    This film is an updating of the Greek myth of Orpheus and Eurydice. The film updates the action to post-war France, with Orpheus (played by Jean Marais) a famous but dis-satisfied poet.The film focuses on the themes of love and death. Most notably Orpheus falling in love with a glamorous incarnation of Death (Maria Casares).

    Writer-director Jean Cocteau turns the everyday world into a magical realm. Mirrors turn to pools which are portals to other worlds, car radios pick up coded messages from Death's World. In less talented hands than Cocteau's, the delicate fantasy could have easily become ridiculous but he handles it with brilliance and the film works perfectly.

    Here Cocteau creates a truly poetic film. The story is magical and entertaining and the film is filled with wonderously surreal images (particularly striking is the frequent use of filming an action performed backwards, and then reversing it which creates a very strange impression).

    "Astonish us"
    9/10
    Author: Gary170459 from Derby, UK
    6 August 2006

    Although this is definitely Jean Cocteau up to his old cinematic tricks, Orphee is beyond criticism as it's Art that has stood the test of time. And updated Classical Art at that. Keep your guard up and you won't get it. But drop your guard and it's still an astonishing film, an allegorical atmospheric magical poetic potboiler, and a film I've seen over 10 times over the decades without failing to admire its self-possession and panache Orphee is a self-obsessed cult poet, who gets immersed in writing down and publishing the cryptic word gems the Princess of Death's talking car tells him. "The bird sings with its fingers" is especially ridiculously impressive, but of course, all of this was a reference to Resistance methods during the War of disguising their intentions from the Nazis. Allegorical to ... what? During this period his wife Eurydice is murdered by the Princess, who fancies Orphee while Heurtebise her Underworld chauffeur fancies Eurydice. Hem.

    This is not only a four dimensional, but a multi-dimensional tour de force, travelling back and forth through the worlds of life and death. The intellectual complexities involved can be enormous, you can lose the plot by thinking too deeply about one line of dialogue, or why "Orpheus's Death" is coming through the mirror at night to look at Eurydice. On the other hand, you might view it all as totally ridiculous and pretentious and laugh out loud at some of the scenes - but that only makes you a realist and not a poet. Auric's dreamy music helps a lot, although Passport to Pimlico keeps coming to mind!Cocteau revisited Orphee later on near the end of his life, but The Testament of Orphee unfortunately really was pretentious even if startlingly different for 1960 - to quote: "his life had decayed, rotten with success". But this is the Real Secret of Secrets - Orphee is an utterly unique treasure, conceived and executed by an irreplaceable talent - and his second best effort too, after Belle et la Bete! Worth the weight of its nitrate stock in gold.

    The closest cinema has come to poetry
    10/10
    Author: peterehoward from United Kingdom
    13 November 2005

    *** This review may contain spoilers ***

    Self-obsessed and self-regarding Orphee, a poet, lives in splendid isolation with his beautiful wife Eurydice in post-war, bomb-damaged France. It is the early 50's and times are changing; Orphee is facing competition from a new wave of Poets and is scorned by the new generation. He goes into town with the intention of facing them down but to his rage, he is studiously ignored.Their leader, the young Jacques Cegeste, is caught up in a bar-room brawl which spills out into the street and he is killed by a motorcyclist. Orphee, an innocent bystander, is taken away in a black limousine with the lifeless body of Cegeste by a beautiful and mysterious Princess to a deserted house. Here, time runs backwards and the way into the underworld lies through mirrors ("I give you the secret of secrets! Mirrors are the doorway through which death comes").

    Orpheus falls in love with the Princess and so falls in love with his own death. Meanwhile, Orphee's absence is noted by the Police, who are advised by Cegeste's followers that he is responsible for the young poet's death.Ultimately Orphee has to choose between between Death - the Princess - and Eurydice, after she is returned to the Underworld. He is wracked with indecision: the Princess eventually makes the decision for him.This strange and beautiful film may seem familiar even if you are watching it for the first time as it has been referenced in many other films, as well as in pop videos: and yes, it was the image of Orphee (Jean Marais, Cocteau's lifelong lover) on the cover of The Smiths' This Charming Man.

    There are many unforgettable images; Orphee, receiving fragments of poetry via his car radio ("The Bird counts with his fingers! Three times!"); the magical gloves; the glass seller in the Underworld; and ultimately, the final "Adieu!"between the Princess and her driver,the magnificent Herteubise Cocteau described his film as being of the myth of immortality: in the end, Death dies. It is certainly the closest the cinema has come to poetry, and is an essential addition to any collection.

    A timeless fantasy classic
    10/10
    Author: rdoyle29 from Winnipeg, Canada
    17 September 2000

    "Orpheus" is still one of the most magical fantasy films, despite the technical advances made in special effects. The journeys through mirrors (achieved by using doubles, vats of mercury, troughs of water, and unsilvered glass) have a dreamlike quality and the zone beyond them has the haunted nightmare feeling of a 1940s neoromantic painting. A versatile poet, playwright, essayist, artist, and filmmaker, Jean Cocteau made this film when he was 60. He identified with the egotistical, death-loving Orpheus, and the hostility that characters in the movie have towards Orpheus reflect the homosexual, dilettante, politically uncommitted Cocteau's own resentment of the attacks levelled against him by the Surrealists and communists in the 1920s, and after the war by younger critics.

    The tribunal in the underworld is a combination of wartime resistance meetings and postwar courts set up to judge collaborators. The cryptic snatches of poems on the car radio were inspired by the coded messages sent by the BBC to the French Resistance. The casting of Jean Marais as the fading poet and Edouard Dermithe as the rising one reflects the position the two actors had in Cocteau's life. The film is at one timeless and a reflection of Paris in the postwar years."Orpheus" has its weaknesses, but it has worn well. While it may seem less obscure today, it has lost little of its poetic charm. Some of its particular grace comes from the performances by the handsome Marais, the striking Maria Casares, and Francois Perier.

    the most poetic of all films.
    10/10
    Author: Ed from New York, NY
    23 May 2002

    *** This review may contain spoilers ***

    I first saw this as a student at Yale and was mesmerized throughout the whole film. Yes, Jean Marais wasn't, perhaps, the greatest actor and if he wasn't Cocteau's lover he'd probably not have been in the film; on the other hand, his looks are an asset to the part. But Maria Casares as the Princess of Death steals every scene she's in.

    Many, I suspect, have not understood the place at the end of the film where the Princess directs Huertebise to smother Orphée. But I don't think its meaning is that obscure: since he is already in the underworld, smothering him reverses the process; at that point in the film both Orphée and Huertebise walk backwards and Orphée finds himself back in his home with Eurydice. The symbolism of the mirrors also signals reversal, in this case, of images.

    For me, the most striking image in the film is Heurtebise, moving but motionless, leading Orphée to the underworld looking like a dead man (which he really is.) against whom a strong wind is blowing. Again there are, in this scene, images of glass and mirrors no doubt borrowed from the Surrealists.

    One of the best I have ever seen
    9/10
    Author: Sanatan Rai (sanatan@gmail.com) from Stanford, California, the USA
    5 August 2001

    I saw the movie, or most of it, around the age of eight or nine. It made a deep impression on me, and I have wanted to watch it again. Now that I have been able to find out the name and the director, I soon will! The special effects in the film, as I recall them, must have been fabulous for the time, and were quite dazzling even by the standards of the eighties. The movie is surreal, and though it sounds trite, this is perhaps the best description. It left one with a delicious feeling, and even after almost twenty years I feel quite thrilled when I think about it. I found the notion of being in love with death, who is portrayed by María Casarès, and whom I found incredibly attractive, was overwhelmingly wonderful. That was my interpretation at that time. I am curious to see what I would think of it now.Certainly a terrific film for a child. I think I would still find it wonderful.

    A great story with great imagery
    Author: gkbazalo from Scottsdale, AZ
    20 August 2004

    This is my favorite Cocteau film and the most accessible of the Orpheus trilogy, which includes Blood of the Poet (1930) and The Testament of Orpheus (1960). It tells the story of a poet's love for both his wife and "The Princess", a shadowy figure who conducts humans to the underworld upon their death. Orpheus is obsessed with the figure of Death and, ignoring his pregnant wife, follows her into the underworld. The Princess, in turn, falls in love with Orpheus, conducts Orpheus's wife into the underworld, and is eventually punished for "breaking the rules".

    The underworld is portrayed as a bureaucracy where drab clerks hold hearings in small drab rooms and bring down the wrath of the "rules" on anyone who does not play out their specified role.Maria Casares is superb as the Princess but François Périer is my favorite character, Heurtebise, the Princesses assistant who also "breaks the rules" by falling in love with Orpheus' wife. Jean Marais is also excellent as the poet Orpheus. Cocteau comments on the role of the poet in society through the role of Orpheus. The young avant garde crowd has turned against Orpheus and now worships the vacant Cegeste.

    Orpheus asks his publisher what he must do to regain their admiration and is told to "astonish us". When the police inspector is about to arrest Orpheus and then, upon recognizing him, lets him off and asks for his autograph, you know we're not in Kansas (or anywhere in the US).Several of the characters (The Princess, Heurtebise and Cegeste), played by the same actors, repeat their roles 10 years later in The Testament of Orpheus, passing judgement on Cocteau himself. Their scenes are the best part of that film.This is a very beautiful film that I've grown to like more and more upon repeat viewings. 9 out of 10.

    The delightfully lithe work of an artist!
    9/10
    Author: Tom May (joycean_chap@hotmail.com) from United Kingdom
    5 February 2003

    It was fantastic that I got to see this film, yet odd that it had to be from the video selection of my English faculty library. So, headphones it was, on a typically cold English February day, in a place of learning.I quickly took to this spirited, ambitious film; a heady concoction that blends fantasy and reality beautifully. This is truly one of the aesthetically wondrous films one could ever wish to see... it has a visual poetry that beguiles the eye, as well as the verbal poetry of a fine script. This is a Cocteau film in which he goes a bit deeper into his characters; while the acting is 'stagy' (in quite an appealing manner) the use of location firmly grounds the piece in an initial contemporary, provincial French town. Cocteau's camera takes in all that is necessary and no more, in conveying his lucid dream visions. That the realism so convinces, in its way of establishing a sleepy, unremarkable French town, really helps the fantasy to come across within a richly plausible context.

    Many touches seem audacious and visionary - the very fact of translating this ancient myth to contemporary France, the brilliant device of having Orpheus enraptured by at times otherworldly, at times mundane messages conveyed through a crackling car radio... the imagery of a mirror turning watery as it is passed through; this is sublime, artful stuff, of a heavily metaphysical, cerebral yet enjoyable nature. Maria Casares is absolutely splendid as the "Princess", an aspect of Death; beautifully sleek and stern, with a suppressed tenderness brought out later in the film. Casares brilliantly conveys the sense of a timeless creature of the ages, despite her being only in her 27th year when it was made. Jean Marais is wonderfully theatrical in his acting; a good portrayal of the flawed artist - in this case 'poet', chasing after inspiration rather than worldly happiness. The overlaps with Cocteau himself, autobiographically, add a little extraneous interest...

    certain scenes seem to refer to Cocteau's position in France, and interestingly also the occupation, with the leather clad motor-cyclists and absurdist underground tribunals...I should mention the character Heurtebise, treated deftly by Cocteau; who seems to find most to relate to in his male leads, Orpheus and Heurtebise. While the very feminine Death is portrayed exceptionally, Maria Dea's Eurydice is I feel, seen as quite insignificant, though Dea does her best. It's a shame Juliette Greco gets such short shrift in her role as Aglaonice; much is hinted at early on, regarding her antagonistic character, that is not followed up. Francois Perier is wonderful as Heurtebise; along with Casares the most memorable performance here.

    Perier really makes you believe in and sympathize with this character, as well as having a matter-of-fact eccentricity comparable to Marius Goring's Conductor in "A Matter of Life of Death".Auric and Hayer do a superb job fine-tuning and moulding Cocteau's tantalizing vision of art, death and love. The film is technically brilliant, the trick shots superbly pulled off and the atmosphere always compelling, involving the viewer, despite the latent abstract quality of the film.This really is a film to lose yourself in; a lyrical feat of visual poetry with the majestic sense of dream. It is film fantasy as it all too seldom has been; sublimely imaginative and fluidly inventive.

    Rating:- **** 1/2/*****






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